Manipulating line equations

Review

Last class topic was about how linear equations solutions can be thought as all points that creates a line. Whe have something like this:

y=3x+2 y=3\cdot x +2

or

2y+x=3 2y+x=3

And we can choose wathever value we like for one variable, and the other gets fixed and related. There is one yy value for each xx value, and vice-veresa, buth this pairs are unique.

Getting the line

If we plot linear equations solutions, we'll get lines. That's easy. But how can one identify which equation formed a given line?

Slope



Play with aa value ¿what changes in the plot?

Intercept

Now, we fixed aa (the number in front of xx), and let bb take different values ¿What does bb changes in the plot?



Come together

Now if we add both ideas, that aa it's about plot tilting (it points upwwards or dowwards) and bb stands for the yy value where the line intercepts the yy axis, namely, if x=0x=0 then y=by=b. Any linear equation can be writen as:

y=ax+b y=a \cdot x + b

There is nothing special about solving for y, it's just a convention of math people trhough history. We call yy the vertical axis, and $x the horizontal. But it's pretty usual to solve for xx or to use other letters, because they are just placeholders, letters, and have no special meaning.

Run and Rise

A way of telling which function (equation) belongs to a given plot it's to find aa and bb. Fin bb it's straight because one has to look at yy axis interception. But ¿what about aa?. A method is as follows:

  1. Step on a point that belongs to the line (a solution, an xx,yy pair)

  2. Run to the right (left will be ok too, you'll se later) any given units you want (1,2,3)

  3. Write down this value. We call it Δx\Delta x

  4. Rise (or go down) until you reach the line again

  5. Count the units that took you there

  6. Write down this value. We call it Δy\Delta y

  7. Do ΔyΔx\frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x}

  8. Result is aa

Test what you've leanred

Finding parameters

  1. Write a linear equation with a=2a=2 and b=1b=-1 .Plot it

  2. What's bb value in y=23x+2y=\frac{2}{3}x+2

  3. What's aa value in y=13x+2y=\frac{1}{3}x+2

  4. What's bb value in y+2=3x+1y+2=3x+1

  5. What's aa value in 2y=23x+22y=\frac{2}{3}x+2

From plot to equation

Write the equation for each plot